When managing a project, it’s important to understand the difference between the project scope and the project objectives. While these two aspects of a project are related, they are distinctly different.
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What is the Project Scope?
The project scope defines the boundaries of the project. Defining the scope is often done using a project scoping template or document. It outlines what work will be done as part of the project and what deliverables will be produced. The scope serves as a guide for the project manager and team to follow. It keeps the project contained to the work identified in the scope statement.
The scope should clearly define what will be delivered as part of the project. This typically includes things like:
- The features and functions of a product or service
- Project deliverables like reports, designs, plans, etc.
- Limits of the project such as what is out of scope
The scope sets expectations for sponsors, stakeholders, and the project team on what the project will achieve. It is used to determine required resources, timelines, and costs. Controlling and managing the project scope is a key responsibility of the project manager.
What are Project Objectives?
The project objectives describe the goals and desired outcomes of the project. They provide direction for WHY the project is being done and what value it will provide.
Common types of project objectives include:
- Business objectives – how the project will impact the business strategically or financially
- Stakeholder objectives – meeting the needs of key stakeholders
- Quality objectives – product, service or result in quality expectations
- Schedule objectives – timeframes and milestones
- Budget objectives – cost goals and investment outcomes
Well-defined objectives can help drive decision-making over the course of the project when priorities need to be determined. Objectives provide a way to measure project success and whether expected benefits were achieved.
Key Differences Between Scope and Objectives
While the project scope and objectives are related, there are some key differences between the two:
- The scope defines WHAT will be done. Objectives define WHY the project is being done and what outcomes are expected.
- The scope sets boundaries for the project work. Objectives drive the direction and priorities of the project.
- Scope changes require a formal change control process. Objectives may evolve over the project life cycle.
- Scope is defined at project initiation. Objectives are refined during planning and can be clarified throughout the project.
- Scope management focuses on controlling what is or isn’t included in the project. Objective management focuses on aligning work with desired outcomes.
Aligning Scope and Objectives for Project Success
A project has a greater chance of success when the scope and objectives are well-defined and aligned. The scope sets the boundaries for HOW the work will be accomplished. The objectives set the direction for WHY the project is worthwhile and what outcomes are expected. Keeping these elements in harmony helps ensure that what is delivered meets stakeholders needs and achieves the desired results.
With a balanced focus on scope and objectives, project managers can better lead their teams in executing projects successfully from initiation to closure.
